Converter association

The current 7th edition came out in the fall of and was designed to be more student focused, provide more guidance on accessibility, and address changes that have developed over the last 10 years. For example:. Accretion of a giant planet onto a white dwarf star. Nature, , 61— There are few new guidelines when you are citing a book. First, the publisher location no longer needs to be indicated.

The font should be blue and underlined, or black and not underlined. Britain has closed almost libraries since , figures show. The Guardian. Within a full APA citation, you may spell out up to 20 author names. For sources with 21 or more authors, structure it as follows:.

Trump, D. This helps abbreviate the mention. Instead of having different formats for tables and figures, both use one standardized format. Worry less about a determiner , preposition , or adverb out of place and focus on your research!

American Psychological Association. Publication manual of the American Psychological Association 7th ed. Written and edited by Michele Kirschenbaum and Wendy Ikemoto. Michele Kirschenbaum has been an awesome school librarian since and is an expert in citing sources.

Citation Generator. Choose your source: Website Book Journal More. Keep all of your citations in one safe place Create an account to save all of your citations. What is it? Here is the text description of the in-text citation examples. Here is the text description of the reference examples. Common ways students and scholars accidentally plagiarize Believe it or not, there are instances when you could attempt to include in-text and full references in the appropriate places, but still accidentally plagiarize.

Here are some common mistakes to be aware of: Mistake 1 - Misquoting sources: If you plan to use a direct quote, make sure you copy it exactly as is. Make sure you quote and paraphrase properly in order to prevent accidental plagiarism. Why was this style created? The evolution of this style The guide below is based on APA style 7th edition, which was released in Details on the differences between the 6th and 7th editions is addressed later in this guide.

Date published. To start, simply click on the source type you're citing: Website Books Journal articles YouTube Images Moviews Interview Newspaper Magazines PDF In-text citations An APA in-text citation is included in research projects in three instances: When using a direct quote, paraphrasing information, or simply referring to a piece of information from another source.

In-text citation APA example: According to a study done by Kent and Giles , student teachers who use technology in their lessons tend to continue using technology tools throughout their teaching careers.

Structure for two authors Place the authors in the order they appear on the source. Last name Author 1 et al. Agbayani et al. Jackson, a OR Jackson a Writers can even lump dates together. Example: Jackson often studied mammals while in Africa a, b. On the APA reference page, include the same letters in the full references. Groups and organizations Write out the full name of the group or organization in the first citation and place the abbreviation next to it in brackets.

Example: Obama, ; Monroe et al. Reference list citation components References display the full information for all the citations found in the body of a research project. Some things to keep in mind when it comes to the references: All references sit together on their own page, which is usually the last page s of a paper. Keep the title in the same font and size as the references. Do not italicize, underline, place the title in quotation marks, or increase the font size.

The entire page is double spaced. If the source lacks an author, alphabetize the source by the title ignore A, An, or The All references have a hanging indent, meaning that the second line of text is indented in half an inch. See examples throughout this guide. Remember, each and every citation in the text of the paper MUST have a full reference displayed in the reference list.

The citations in the text provide the reader with a quick glimpse about the sources used, but the references in the reference list provide the reader with all the information needed to seek out the source themselves. Format: Last name, F. Example: Angelou, M. Doyle, A. Two or more authors When two or more authors work together on a source, write them in the order in which they appear on the source.

Use this format: Last name, F. OR Last name, F. Kent, A. No authors If the source lacks an author, place the title in the first position in the reference Section 9. Examples: Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Roots: The saga of an American family. For articles and chapters in APA referencing, do not italicize the title. Examples: Wake up the nation: Public libraries, policy making, and political discourse. Example: The Seattle Times. The Citation Machine citation generator will format the title in your citations automatically.

Additional information about the title If you feel it would be helpful to include additional information about the source type, include a descriptive noun or two in brackets immediately following the title.

Besides [Film], other common notations include: [Audio podcast] [Brochure] [Letter to the editor] [Television series episode] [Tweet] [Facebook page] [Blog post] [Lecture notes] [PowerPoint presentation] [Video file] If you are using Citation Machine citing tools, additional information about the title is automatically added for you.

Publisher information For books and reports, include the publisher name but not the location see Section 9. Examples: Pearson. Perseus Books. It is unnecessary to include retrieval dates, unless the source changes often over time like in a Wikipedia article.

It is not necessary to include the names of databases If using the Citation Machine APA citation website autocite features, the online publication information will be automatically replaced by the DOI. Annotated bibliographies: An APA annotated bibliography is a full bibliography that includes a small note for each reference citation. Page formatting Need help with the design and formatting of your paper?

Include the list of references on the page after the text. Tables and figures Keep in mind that the order above is the recommendation for papers being submitted for peer review. Running heads In older editions of APA, running heads were required for all papers. Student paper: No running head Professional paper: Include a running head The running head displays the title of the paper and the page number on all pages of the paper. Use the header feature in your word processor. Both Google Docs and Word have these features available.

Use one for the recommended fonts mentioned under "Page formatting. If this is a student paper, do not include one. Abstracts An abstract briefly but thoroughly summarizes dissertation contents. Here are a few tips: Be factual and keep your opinions out. An abstract should accurately reflect the paper or dissertation and should not involve information or commentary not in the thesis. Communicate your main thesis.

What was the examined problem or hypothesis? A reader should know this from reading your abstract. Keep it brief. It should not exceed words. For example, an empirical article may mention methodology or participant description.

A quantitative or qualitative meta-analysis would mention the different variables considered and how information was synthesized. Use verbs over noun equivalents, and active voice. The vapor is then cooled back into a liquid with cold deep water so that it can be reused in a continuous cycle. The ocean water leaving the power plant changes temperature, but otherwise remains the same as it was in the ocean: a useful resource for fishery and other industries.

This is only a simple overview of one of several approaches that has already produced power. OTEC is pre-commercial, with two small-scale demonstration plants in Japan and Hawaii that are operational, and several lab-based facilities around the world. Most recently, South Korea successfully concluded an at-sea MW-scale test.

As development continues and the OTEA creates more resources, we will update this site with more information. Sea Water Air Conditioning SWAC is an approach to thermal energy use that focuses on the cold resource found naturally in the ocean depths, where sunlight no longer warms the oceans.

Both surface and deep ocean water can be used in a variety of ways. Even though the catalytic converters listed for sale on the internet are often represented as proof that this is a marketplace driving the stolen converter epidemic, the truth is something different than what is being represented. A careful study of these internet sites such as eBay shows that a very significant fraction of the catalytic converters listed for sale is new non-OEM aftermarket converters that would not be stolen converters.

Another large percentage of those listings are catalytic converters posted for sale are by parts companies who possess both the original vehicle and who are listing both the catalytic converters along with other parts for sale from those vehicles.

In both of these cases, the availability of catalytic converters being listed for sale is not proof that these are stolen converters nor that these sellers are driving the catalytic converter theft problem. This same misdirection of the problem can be recognized in that while all parties agree that the theft problem is driven by the high PGM prices - yet the value of the PGMs is recovered when detached converters are sold for melting down for the raw metals and not when it is sold for repair use.